Sunday, January 31, 2010

The Monar Jonban of Isfahan


The Monar Jonban (Shaking Minarets) is a mosque located in Isfahan in Iran. It was built in 14th century to cover the grave of Amu Abdollah Soqla. Its special feature is that if either of the minarets is shaken, the other minaret will vibrate as well. The eivan and porch were probably erected shortly after 1316 to cover the grave of Amu Abdollah Soqla, a hermit, who was buried here. The minarets are of later, probably Safavid, origin, and are largely responsible for the fame of the otherwise unremarkable shrine. The roof above the shrine contains some good, but unremarkable brickwork. Because of the ratio between the height and width of the minarets and the width of the eivan, if you climb into one minaret and shake it, the other will shake in unison. This constant shaking has been responsible for considerable structural damage, although this is locally blamed on British interference! You can experiment with the phenomenon on this site by clicking on the left minaret in the image above while will make the right one shake - although rather more than the real ones do!
There is another pair of shaking minarets built during the time of Oljeitu, at Oshtorjan, although these have lost the upper two thirds.
The wooden beams on the upper part of the minarets have been placed there to facilitate the shaking of the minarets, but the presence of wood in the brickwork causes other complications. Shaking is in theory restricted to once every twenty minutes, however, particularly during holidays, there is a constant stream of visitors who experiment with the phenomenon, and the visitor will have ample chance to observe it from ground level, without running the risk of being blamed for any further dereliction.
According to Honarfar, the porch is 10 metres high and 10 metres in width, the minarets are 7 metres taller and are 4 metres in circumference.

The Chehel Sotoun of Isfahan


Chehel Sotoun (also Chehel Sotoon, Persian: چهل ستون) is a pavilion in the middle of a park at the far end of a long pool, in Isfahan, Iran, built by Shah Abbas II to be used for his entertainment and receptions. In this palace, Shah Abbas II and his successors would receive dignitaries and ambassadors, either on the tearace or in one of the stately reception halls.
The name, "Forty Columns," was inspired by the twenty slender wooden columns supporting the entrance pavilion, which, when reflected in the waters of the fountain, are said to appear to be forty.
As with Ali Qapu, the palace contains many frescoes and paintings on ceramic. Many of the ceramic panels have been dispersed and are now in the possession of major museums in the west. They depict specific historical scenes such as a reception for an Uzbek King in 1646, when the palace had just been completed; a banquet in honor of the Emir of Bukhara in 1611; the battle of Chalderan against the Ottoman Sultan Selim I in 1514 in which the Persians fought without firearms; the welcome extended to the Mughal Emperor, Humayun who took refuge in Iran in 1544; the battle of Taher-Abad in 1510 where the Safavid Shah Ismail I vanquished and killed the Uzbek King. A more recent painting depicts Nadir Shah's victory against the Indian Army at Karnal in 1739. There are also less historical, but even more aesthetic compositions in the traditional miniature style which celebrate the joy of life and love.

The Naghsh-e Jahan Square of Isfahan



Naghsh-e Jahan Square (Persian: ميدان نقش جهان maidaan-e naqsh-e jehaan; trans: "Image of the World Square"), officially known as Imam Square (میدان امام), formerly known as Shah Square (میدان شاه), situated at the center of Isfahan city, Iran. It is an important historical site and one of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites. The square is surrounded by buildings from the Safavid era. The Shah Mosque is situated on the south side of this square. On the west side you can find Ali Qapu Palace. Sheikh Lotf Allah Mosque is situated on the eastern side of this square and the northern side opens into the Isfahan Grand Bazaar. Today, Namaaz-e Jom'eh (the Muslim Friday prayer) is held in this square in front of the Shah Mosque.