Friday, October 21, 2011

Zayanderud



Zāyandé-Rūd or Zāyanderūd (Persian: زاینده رود, from زاینده [zɑːjændɛ] “life giver” and رود [rʊːd] “river”), also spelled as Zayandeh-Rood or Zayanderood, is the largest river on the central plateau of Iran, Isfahan Province.
The Zayandeh starts in the Zagros Mountains and flows 400 kilometres (200 mi) eastward before ending in the Gavkhouni swamp, a seasonal salt lake, southeast of Esfahan city. The Zayandeh has significant flow all year long, unlike many of Iran's rivers which are seasonal. The Zayandeh is spanned by many historical Safavid era bridges, and flows through many parks.
The Zayandeh River basin has an area of 41,500 square kilometers (16,000 sq mi), altitude from 3,974 metres (13,038 ft) to 1,466 metres (4,810 ft), an average rain fall of 130 millimeters (5 in) and a monthly average temperature of 3 °C (37 °F) to 29 °C (84 °F). There are 2,700 square kilometers (1,000 sq mi) of irrigated land in the Zayandeh River basin, with water derived from the nine main hydraulic units of the Zayandeh River, wells, qanat and springs in lateral valleys. Zayandeh River water gives life to the people of central Iran mainly in Isfahan and Yazd provinces. Water diverted per person is 240 litres (63 US gallons/53 imp gallons) per day in urban and 150 litres (40 US gallons/33 imp gallons) per day in villages. The flow of the river has been estimated at 1.2 cubic kilometres (0.30 cu mi) per annum, or 38 cubic metres (1,340 cu ft) per second.

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